Training Seafarers to Combat Violence and Harassment in Maritime Settings

Violence and harassment on board ships have long been hidden challenges in the maritime industry. These issues affect the safety, well-being, and performance of seafarers. They often go unreported due to fear or lack of awareness. Recognizing this, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has introduced important amendments to the STCW Code. These amendments require updated training for all seafarers. The goal is to prevent and respond to violence and harassment, including sexual harassment, bullying, and sexual assault. These changes will take effect on 1 January 2026, marking a significant step toward safer and more respectful maritime workplaces.

This post explores the new training requirements. It discusses their implications for seafarers and ship owners. The post also covers practical steps to ensure compliance and foster a positive onboard environment.

Safety signage on ship deck promoting violence and harassment prevention

Understanding the New STCW Amendments

The IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 108) adopted amendments to the STCW Code. These amendments add new competencies related to violence and harassment prevention in the table A-VI/1-4. This table outlines the minimum standards of competence for personal safety and social responsibilities (PSSR). They are essential parts of the basic safety training. All seafarers must complete this training.

The key points of the amendments include:

Mandatory updated training for all seafarers on preventing and responding to violence and harassment.
Coverage of sexual harassment, bullying, and sexual assault as specific forms of unacceptable behavior.
Integration of these topics into the basic safety courses, ensuring every seafarer receives this training early in their career.
The amendments become effective on 1 January 2026, giving ship owners and training providers time to update their programs.

These changes reflect a growing recognition that safety at sea involves more than just physical hazards. It also includes protecting seafarers from harmful social behaviors.

Why This Training Matters for Seafarers

Seafarers often work in isolated, confined environments for extended periods, making them vulnerable to violence and harassment. The consequences of such behavior include:

Mental health issues such as stress, anxiety, and depression.
Decreased morale and teamwork, which can compromise safety.
Higher turnover rates and difficulties in crew retention.
Legal and reputational risks for ship owners and operators.

By equipping seafarers with knowledge and skills to recognize, prevent, and respond to violence and harassment, the new training aims to:

Create a safer and more respectful workplace.
Encourage reporting and support for victims.
Promote a culture of zero tolerance toward unacceptable behavior.

What the Revised Training Covers

The updated PSSR course will include several important topics:

Definitions and examples of violence, harassment, bullying, and sexual harassment.
Legal frameworks and rights of seafarers under international and national laws.
Prevention strategies, including communication skills, conflict resolution, and bystander intervention.
Response procedures for victims and witnesses, including reporting mechanisms and support services.
Roles and responsibilities of seafarers, ship owners, and managers in maintaining a safe environment.

The training will use practical scenarios and case studies to help seafarers understand real-life situations and appropriate actions.

Responsibilities of Ship Owners and Managers

Ship owners and managers play a crucial role in implementing these new requirements. They must:

Ensure all seafarers complete the revised PSSR course and upgrade their certificates accordingly.
Review and update the Safety Management System (SMS) to include clear policies and procedures on violence and harassment prevention and response.
Provide accessible reporting channels and ensure confidentiality and protection against retaliation.
Promote a culture of respect and inclusion through leadership and ongoing awareness programs.
Monitor compliance and effectiveness of the measures through regular audits and feedback.

Failing to meet these obligations can lead to regulatory penalties, legal claims, and damage to the company’s reputation.

Practical Steps to Prepare for the 2026 Deadline

To meet the January 2026 deadline, ship owners and training providers should take the following steps now:

Update training materials to reflect the new STCW competencies and ensure trainers are well-prepared.
Schedule training sessions for all seafarers, including new hires and those renewing their certificates.
Communicate clearly with crews about the importance of the training and the company’s commitment to a safe workplace.
Review and revise the SMS to integrate violence and harassment policies, including clear reporting and investigation procedures.
Establish support systems such as counseling services or helplines for affected seafarers.
Conduct regular drills or workshops to reinforce learning and encourage open dialogue.

Examples of Effective Training Programs

Some maritime training centers have already begun piloting courses aligned with the new STCW amendments. These programs often include:

Interactive workshops with role-playing exercises.
Video testimonials from seafarers sharing their experiences.
Group discussions to explore cultural differences and challenges.
Clear guidance on how to report incidents and seek help.

Feedback from participants highlights increased awareness and confidence in handling difficult situations, which contributes to safer shipboard environments.

The Broader Impact on Maritime Safety and Culture

Addressing violence and harassment is essential for improving overall maritime safety. When seafarers feel safe and respected, they are more focused, cooperative, and motivated. This leads to:

Fewer accidents caused by distraction or conflict.
Better communication and teamwork during emergencies.
Enhanced reputation of shipping companies as responsible employers.
Greater attractiveness of maritime careers to new generations.

The 2026 STCW amendments represent a positive shift toward recognizing the human element in maritime safety.